Principles of neoplasia

Carcinogenesis, tumour grading and staging (TNM) and the molecular hallmarks of cancer.

This lesson combines a recorded tutorial with structured notes, high-yield tables and viva-style questions mapped to the MRCS Part B (OSCE) marking domains.

Tutorial walkthrough10 min

Key learning points

• Reproduce the relevant anatomy or principle from first principles under exam conditions.
• Link each fact to its clinical or operative relevance — examiners reward applied understanding.
• Rehearse the viva questions aloud before moving on.